CHAPTER 19: INTERNAL TROUBLES, EXTERNAL THREATS
Social Darwinism:
Definition: Social Darwinism was Darwin's theory of the evolution of the human life. Only some people actually believed in his theory and some believed it wasn't real. This lead to more scientific racism though.
Description: Picture of Darwinism. Explained a bit in the caption.
Description: Picture of Darwinism. Explained a bit in the caption.
Taiping Uprising:
Definition: Uprisings and rebellions against China. This rebellion devastated China. It started in 1850 and ended in 1864.
Description: Picture of the rebellion.
Description: Picture of the rebellion.
Opium Wars:
Definition: A war started between China and Europe. This was because Europe had started to produce opium. Opium is a highly addicting drug. A lot of people of the Chinese country was addicted to opium so therefore started a war to stop Europeans from selling them opium. They wanted them to stop trading. Ended eventually with China and Britain having a treaty.
Description: Painting of the rebellion caused in the Opium wars.
Description: Painting of the rebellion caused in the Opium wars.
Unequal Treaties:
Description: Unequal treaties that were made between China and the Western parts during the Opium wars. Obviously the West had more power creating it a disadvantage towards the Chinese. Therefore creating unequal treaties.
Description: Picture of the Chinese with the lower hand in the unequal treaty.
Description: Picture of the Chinese with the lower hand in the unequal treaty.
Self- Strengthening Movement:
Definition: Began in the late 19th century. It was a period where the Chinese and Ottoman empire were trying to get at the West. Caused by the unequal treaties.
Description: Picture of the Chinese thinkers trying to get back at the West.
Description: Picture of the Chinese thinkers trying to get back at the West.
Boxer Uprising:
Definition: A rebellion that killed thousands of people in China. A bloody uprising to kill Christian Chinese people and any foreigners that came in the way of this rebellion against China. They believed that ending the foreigners and Christians would better the situation of China.
Description: The Boxer uprising symbol.
Description: The Boxer uprising symbol.
China, 1951:
Definition: China was a weak empire during the time of 1951. Due to the lack of imperialism and the industrial revolution. Also the wars that it lost made the empire weak. That's why it was known as an incomplete empire.
Description: Map of China.
Description: Map of China.
"The Sick Man of Europe":
Definition: The sick man of Europe was actually the Ottoman empire because it had conflicts among them and they were trying to be like Europe. By using the industrial technologies and trying to export and get into the trading routes.
Description: Map of the Ottoman empire.
Description: Map of the Ottoman empire.
Tanzimat:
Definition: He was a 19th century Ottoman ruler. Tanzimat tried to separate the religious leaders and the political leaders.
Description: Portrait of Tanzimat.
Description: Portrait of Tanzimat.
Young Ottomans:
Definition: The Young Turks were known as the military elites of the Ottoman empire. They were well known and everybody loved the Young Turks. Started in the 19th century and the Ottomans tried to use Young Turks to make their army faster and stronger instead of old military servers.
Description: Picture of the Young Turks.
Description: Picture of the Young Turks.
Sultan Abd Al-Hamid II:
Definition: A ruler of the Ottoman empire. Most known for accepting the reform constitution in 1876. That reform limited the authority of Sultan but then he neglected and argued against it. He was trying to avoid war with Russia.
Description of picture to the left: Portrait of Sultan Abd al- Hamid II
Description of picture to the left: Portrait of Sultan Abd al- Hamid II
Informal Empires:
Definition: China was an informal empire as well as the Ottomans. Known as the informal empires because they were weak and weren't like Europe. Europe was the center of the world because of the industrial revolution.
Description: Map of the informal empires. Like South and North America.
Description: Map of the informal empires. Like South and North America.
Tokugawa Japan:
Definition: The Tokugawa shoguns ruled in 1600. And made Japan stronger. Japan was also peaceful and avoided war. At the time of the modernization of Japan, the city became unified and everyone was equal. Both men and women.
Description: Map of Japan.
Description: Map of Japan.
Meiji Restoration:
Definition: The Meiji restoration helped Japan to modernize. It helped them with imperialism and industrialization. Help restore Japan's economy.
Description: Drawing of the Meiji Restoration.
Description: Drawing of the Meiji Restoration.
Russo- Japanese War, 1904-1905:
Definition: A war between Japan and Russia due to problems with imperialism. Only lasted a year though. Started in 1904 and ended in 1905. Korea and Manchuria where also involved.
Description: Art of the Russo-Japanese War.
Description: Art of the Russo-Japanese War.