Chapter 23: Independence and Development in the Global South
Decolonization:
Definition: This occurred in the twentieth century and it was when the colonies were separated into newly developed states. These were developing states that didn't have a government system and were struggling to get power.
Description: A map of Africa and its small new states that were derived from the decolonization of Africa.
Description: A map of Africa and its small new states that were derived from the decolonization of Africa.
Indian National Congress:
Definition: Indian National Congress was established in 1845. This group was composed of high class Indian families. They were basically the congress of India in which they decided what would happen in India. It was an Indian hierarchy that determined the laws of the Indian society.
Description: Picture of the Indian National Congress.
Description: Picture of the Indian National Congress.
Mahatma Gandhi:
Definition: Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian politician who had a vision of changing the Indian world. He tried to reform with non violence because he wanted Indians to be treated fairly and not the way that the British treated them. Gandhi was born in 1869 and tragically died in 1948.
Description: Picture of Mahatma Gandhi.
Description: Picture of Mahatma Gandhi.
Satyagraha:
Definition: This Satyagraha was the protest that Mahatma Gandhi. That is one of the non violent protests in which Indians protested that they wanted freedom and contributed to the independence of India. Gandhi was known as the "Father" of India.
Description: Picture of Satyagrapha.
Description: Picture of Satyagrapha.
Muslim League:
Definition: The Muslim League was basically to ensure the safety of the independent India and wanted to make new laws. The Muslim League also tried to impose Indian practices and rules in the Indian society.
Description: Picture of the flag the Muslim league.
Description: Picture of the flag the Muslim league.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah:
Definition: Muhammad Ali was the enemy of Mahatma Gandhi. He was against Gandhi's beliefs of dividing India into two different parts. Muhammad Ali also belonged to the Muslim League of India.
Description: Picture of Muhammad Ali who pertained to the Muslim League.
Description: Picture of Muhammad Ali who pertained to the Muslim League.
African National Congress:
Definition: The African National Congress was based of of the Indian National Congress. It was a group that was basically a protest congress. Like the boycotts that Martin Luther King organized to give African Americans to be respected. Eventually the African congress got shut down because the leader was in jail.
Description: Picture of the flag of the African National Congress.
Description: Picture of the flag of the African National Congress.
Nelson Mandela:
Definition: Nelson Mandela was an African American educator who made South Africa as an independent country and also became the president of South Africa. With Mandela as president it helped South Africa to be a better place. Mandela also was imprisoned around 27 times.
Description: Picture of Nelson Mandela in black and white.
Description: Picture of Nelson Mandela in black and white.
Black Consciousness:
Definition: This was racial movement to acknowledge that both black and white people were the same. People should not be unjust to those who were another color. The African committee tried to use the black consciousness to help the African Americans get educated and to be in schools to have a better future and a better chance at life.
Description: Picture of the Black consciousness.
Description: Picture of the Black consciousness.
Soweto:
Definition: Soweto is located in Africa and it was the city in which was involved in many protests for the African Americans. All of these boycotts started in 1979. The boycotts were so hard core that hundreds of people died from a result of such a big protest and anger issues of the people in the boycott.
Description: Map of Soweto
Description: Map of Soweto
Democracy in Africa:
Definition: Democracy hit Africa, and it was the government that was used to run Africa. A new stepping stone that was made in Africa was Nelson Mandela. It was the one who was mostly responsible for the independence of South Africa. Democracy was easy to be imposed upon Africa because it didn't really have a government system.
Description: Picture of a map of Africa when democracy came in.
Description: Picture of a map of Africa when democracy came in.
Economic Development:
Definition: After WWII, Africa began to decolonize and experience economic growth. Economic growth by establishing new businesses, factories and industries that would benefit Africa. Nelson Mandela was a big part of it.
Description: A picture of Africa with its economic growth like with buildings and great architecture.
Description: A picture of Africa with its economic growth like with buildings and great architecture.
Kemal Ataturk:
Definition: Kemal Ataturk was the very first president of Turkey after it was decolonized. He was born in May 19, 1881 and died November 10, 1938. Ataturk was born in Greece which means he was a Greek president for Turkey. He wanted to make Turkey into a modern Ottoman empire. To stay all united.
Description: Picture of Kemal Ataturk
Description: Picture of Kemal Ataturk
Ayatollah Khomeini:
Definition: Ayatollah Khomeini was a religious leader that was born in Iran. He was born in the year of 1902 and died in June 3, 1989. He among with other people believed that terrorism was okay and thought that suicide was alright as long as it was religious.
Description: Picture of Ayatollah Khomeini in black and white.
Description: Picture of Ayatollah Khomeini in black and white.